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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. With an area of 7,617,930 square kilometres (2,941,300 sq mi), Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with deserts in the centre, tropical rainforests in the north-east, and mountain ranges in the south-east.

The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately 65,000 years ago, during the last ice age. Arriving by sea, they settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world. Australia's written history commenced with the European maritime exploration of Australia. The Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon was the first known European to reach Australia, in 1606. In 1770, the British explorer James Cook mapped and claimed the east coast of Australia for Great Britain, and the First Fleet of British ships arrived at Sydney in 1788 to establish the penal colony of New South Wales. The European population grew in subsequent decades, and by the end of the 1850s gold rush, most of the continent had been explored by European settlers and an additional five self-governing British colonies established. Democratic parliaments were gradually established through the 19th century, culminating with a vote for the federation of the six colonies and foundation of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. Australia has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and wealthy market economy.

Politically, Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy, comprising six states and ten territories. Australia's population of nearly 26 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Canberra is the nation's capital, while its most populous city and financial centre is Sydney. The next four largest cities are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide. Australia's demography has been shaped by centuries of immigration: immigrants account for 30% of the country's population, and almost half of Australians have at least one parent born overseas. Australia's abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade relations are crucial to the country's economy, which generates its income from various sources including services, mining exports, banking, manufacturing, agriculture and international education.

Australia is a highly developed country with a high-income economy. As of 2022, it was the world's fourteenth-largest economy with the ninth-highest per capita income. In 2017, it ranked as fifth-highest Human Development Index. Australia is a regional power, and has the world's thirteenth-highest military expenditure. Australia ranks amongst the highest in the world for quality of life, democracy, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties, safety, and political rights, with all its major cities faring exceptionally in global comparative livability surveys. It is a member of international groupings including the United Nations, the G20, the OECD, the WTO, ANZUS, AUKUS, Five Eyes, the Quad, APEC, the Pacific Islands Forum, the Pacific Community and the Commonwealth of Nations.

Australia Geography and Australia Environment

Mainland Australia lies between latitudes 9° and 44° South, and longitudes 112° and 154° East. Australia's size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, with tropical rainforests in the north-east, mountain ranges in the south-east, south-west and east, and desert in the centre. The desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. Australia is the driest inhabited continent, its annual rainfall averaged over continental area is less than 500 mm. The population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre, although a large proportion of the population lives along the temperate south-eastern coastline.

The Great Barrier Reef, the world's largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-east coast and extends for over 2,000 km (1,200 mi). Mount Augustus, claimed to be the world's largest monolith, is located in Western Australia. At 2,228 m (7,310 ft), Mount Kosciuszko is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland. Even taller are Mawson Peak (at 2,745 m (9,006 ft)), on the remote Australian external territory of Heard Island, and, in the Australian Antarctic Territory, Mount McClintock and Mount Menzies, at 3,492 m (11,457 ft) and 3,355 m (11,007 ft) respectively.

Eastern Australia is marked by the Great Dividing Range, which runs parallel to the coast of Queensland, New South Wales and much of Victoria. The name is not strictly accurate, because parts of the range consist of low hills, and the highlands are typically no more than 1,600 m (5,200 ft) in height. The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland and shrubland. These include the western plains of New South Wales, and the Mitchell Grass Downs and Mulga Lands of inland Queensland. The northernmost point of the mainland is the tropical Cape York Peninsula.

The landscapes of the Top End and the Gulf Country - with their tropical climate - include forest, woodland, wetland, grassland, rainforest and desert. At the north-west corner of the continent are the sandstone cliffs and gorges of The Kimberley, and below that the Pilbara. The Victoria Plains tropical savanna lies south of the Kimberly and Arnhem Land savannas, forming a transition between the coastal savannas and the interior deserts. At the heart of the country are the uplands of central Australia. Prominent features of the centre and south include Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock), the famous sandstone monolith, and the inland Simpson, Tirari and Sturt Stony, Gibson, Great Sandy, Tanami, and Great Victoria deserts, with the famous Nullarbor Plain on the southern coast. The Western Australian mulga shrublands lie between the interior deserts and Mediterranean-climate Southwest Australia.

Australia States and Australia Territories

Australia has six states - New South Wales (NSW), Queensland (QLD), South Australia (SA), Tasmania (TAS), Victoria (VIC) and Western Australia (WA) - and three mainland territories - the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), the Northern Territory (NT), and the Jervis Bay Territory (JBT). In most respects, the ACT and NT function as states, except that the Commonwealth Parliament has the power to modify or repeal any legislation passed by the territory parliaments.

Under the constitution, the states essentially have plenary legislative power to legislate on any subject, whereas the Commonwealth (federal) Parliament may legislate only within the subject areas enumerated under section 51. For example, state parliaments have the power to legislate with respect to education, criminal law and state police, health, transport, and local government, but the Commonwealth Parliament does not have any specific power to legislate in these areas. However, Commonwealth laws prevail over state laws to the extent of the inconsistency.

Each state and major mainland territory has its own parliament - unicameral in the Northern Territory, the ACT and Queensland, and bicameral in the other states. The states are sovereign entities, although subject to certain powers of the Commonwealth as defined by the Constitution. The lower houses are known as the Legislative Assembly (the House of Assembly in South Australia and Tasmania), the upper houses are known as the Legislative Council. The head of the government in each state is the Premier and in each territory the Chief Minister. The King is represented in each state by a governor and in the Northern Territory, the administrator. In the Commonwealth, the King's representative is the governor-general.

The Commonwealth Parliament also directly administers the external territories of Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, and the claimed region of Australian Antarctic Territory, as well as the internal Jervis Bay Territory, a naval base and sea port for the national capital in land that was formerly part of New South Wales. The external territory of Norfolk Island previously exercised considerable autonomy under the Norfolk Island Act 1979 through its own legislative assembly and an Administrator to represent the monarch. In 2015, the Commonwealth Parliament abolished self-government, integrating Norfolk Island into the Australian tax and welfare systems and replacing its legislative assembly with a council. Macquarie Island is part of Tasmania, and Lord Howe Island of New South Wales.

Largest Populated Areas in Australia

2021 data from Australian Bureau of Statistics

Rank	Name	State Pop.	Rank	Name	State Pop.
1	Sydney NSW	5,259,764	11	Geelong Vic	289,400
2	Melbourne Vic	4,976,157	12	Hobart Tas	251,047
3	Brisbane Qld	2,568,927	13	Townsville Qld	181,665
4	Perth WA	2,192,229	14	Cairns Qld	155,638
5	Adelaide SA	1,402,393	15	Darwin NT	148,801
6	Gold Coast–Tweed Heads Qld/NSW	706,673	16	Toowoomba Qld	143,994
7	Newcastle–Maitland NSW	509,894	17	Ballarat Vic	111,702
8	Canberra–Queanbeyan ACT/NSW	482,250	18	Bendigo Vic	102,899
9	Sunshine Coast Qld	355,631	19	Albury-Wodonga NSW/Vic	97,676
10	Wollongong NSW	305,880	20	Launceston Tas	93,332

Languages Spoken in Australia

Although Australia has no official language, English is the de facto national language. Australian English is a major variety of the language with a distinctive accent and lexicon, and differs slightly from other varieties of English in grammar and spelling. General Australian serves as the standard dialect.

At the 2021 census, English was the only language spoken in the home for 72% of the population. The next most common languages spoken at home are Mandarin (2.7%), Arabic (1.4%), Vietnamese (1.3%), Cantonese (1.2%) and Punjabi (0.9%). Over 250 Australian Aboriginal languages are thought to have existed at the time of first European contact, of which fewer than twenty are still in daily use by all age groups. About 110 others are spoken exclusively by older people. At the time of the 2006 census, 52,000 Indigenous Australians, representing 12% of the Indigenous population, reported that they spoke an Indigenous language at home. Australia has a sign language known as Auslan, which is the main language of about 10,112 deaf people who reported that they use Auslan language at home in the 2016 census.

Australia Geography and Australia Environment

Australia General Characteristics

Surrounded by the Indian and Pacific oceans, Australia is separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor seas, with the Coral Sea lying off the Queensland coast, and the Tasman Sea lying between Australia and New Zealand. The world's smallest continent and sixth largest country by total area, Australia-owing to its size and isolation-is often dubbed the "island continent" and is sometimes considered the world's largest island. Australia has 34,218 km (21,262 mi) of coastline (excluding all offshore islands), and claims an extensive Exclusive Economic Zone of 8,148,250 square kilometres (3,146,060 sq mi). This exclusive economic zone does not include the Australian Antarctic Territory.

Mainland Australia lies between latitudes 9° and 44° South, and longitudes 112° and 154° East. Australia's size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, with tropical rainforests in the north-east, mountain ranges in the south-east, south-west and east, and desert in the centre. The desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. Australia is the driest inhabited continent, its annual rainfall averaged over continental area is less than 500 mm. The population density is 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometre, although a large proportion of the population lives along the temperate south-eastern coastline.

The Great Barrier Reef, the world's largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-east coast and extends for over 2,000 km (1,200 mi). Mount Augustus, claimed to be the world's largest monolith, is located in Western Australia. At 2,228 m (7,310 ft), Mount Kosciuszko is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland. Even taller are Mawson Peak (at 2,745 m (9,006 ft)), on the remote Australian external territory of Heard Island, and, in the Australian Antarctic Territory, Mount McClintock and Mount Menzies, at 3,492 m (11,457 ft) and 3,355 m (11,007 ft) respectively.

Eastern Australia is marked by the Great Dividing Range, which runs parallel to the coast of Queensland, New South Wales and much of Victoria. The name is not strictly accurate, because parts of the range consist of low hills, and the highlands are typically no more than 1,600 m (5,200 ft) in height. The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland and shrubland. These include the western plains of New South Wales, and the Mitchell Grass Downs and Mulga Lands of inland Queensland. The northernmost point of the mainland is the tropical Cape York Peninsula.

The landscapes of the Top End and the Gulf Country-with their tropical climate-include forest, woodland, wetland, grassland, rainforest and desert. At the north-west corner of the continent are the sandstone cliffs and gorges of The Kimberley, and below that the Pilbara. The Victoria Plains tropical savanna lies south of the Kimberly and Arnhem Land savannas, forming a transition between the coastal savannas and the interior deserts. At the heart of the country are the uplands of central Australia. Prominent features of the centre and south include Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock), the famous sandstone monolith, and the inland Simpson, Tirari and Sturt Stony, Gibson, Great Sandy, Tanami, and Great Victoria deserts, with the famous Nullarbor Plain on the southern coast. The Western Australian mulga shrublands lie between the interior deserts and Mediterranean-climate Southwest Australia.

Australia Biodiversity

Although most of Australia is semi-arid or desert, the continent includes a diverse range of habitats from alpine heaths to tropical rainforests. Fungi typify that diversity-an estimated 250,000 species-of which only 5% have been described-occur in Australia. Because of the continent's great age, extremely variable weather patterns, and long-term geographic isolation, much of Australia's biota is unique. About 85% of flowering plants, 84% of mammals, more than 45% of birds, and 89% of in-shore, temperate-zone fish are endemic. Australia has at least 755 species of reptile, more than any other country in the world. Besides Antarctica, Australia is the only continent that developed without feline species. Feral cats may have been introduced in the 17th century by Dutch shipwrecks, and later in the 18th century by European settlers. They are now considered a major factor in the decline and extinction of many vulnerable and endangered native species. Seafaring immigrants from Asia are believed to have brought the dingo to Australia sometime after the end of the last ice age - perhaps 4000 years ago - and Aboriginal people helped disperse them across the continent as pets, contributing to the demise of thylacines on the mainland. Australia is also one of 17 megadiverse countries.

Australian forests are mostly made up of evergreen species, particularly eucalyptus trees in the less arid regions, wattles replace them as the dominant species in drier regions and deserts. Among well-known Australian animals are the monotremes (the platypus and echidna), a host of marsupials, including the kangaroo, koala, and wombat, and birds such as the emu and the kookaburra. Australia is home to many dangerous animals including some of the most venomous snakes in the world. The dingo was introduced by Austronesian people who traded with Indigenous Australians around 3000 BCE. Many animal and plant species became extinct soon after first human settlement, including the Australian megafauna, others have disappeared since European settlement, among them the thylacine.

Many of Australia's ecoregions, and the species within those regions, are threatened by human activities and introduced animal, chromistan, fungal and plant species. All these factors have led to Australia's having the highest mammal extinction rate of any country in the world. The federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 is the legal framework for the protection of threatened species. Numerous protected areas have been created under the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity to protect and preserve unique ecosystems, 65 wetlands are listed under the Ramsar Convention, and 16 natural World Heritage Sites have been established. Australia was ranked 21st out of 178 countries in the world on the 2018 Environmental Performance Index. There are more than 1,800 animals and plants on Australia's threatened species list, including more than 500 animals.

Australia Culture

Australia is home to a diversity of cultures, a result of its history of immigration. Since 1788, Australian culture has primarily been a Western culture strongly influenced by early Anglo-Celtic settlers. Other influences include Australian Aboriginal culture, the traditions brought to the country by waves of immigration from around the world, and the culture of the United States. The cultural divergence and evolution that has occurred over the centuries since European settlement has resulted in a distinctive Australian culture.

Australia Arts

Australia has over 100,000 Aboriginal rock art sites, and traditional designs, patterns and stories infuse contemporary Indigenous Australian art, "the last great art movement of the 20th century" according to critic Robert Hughes, its exponents include Emily Kame Kngwarreye. Early colonial artists showed a fascination with the unfamiliar land. The impressionistic works of Arthur Streeton, Tom Roberts and other members of the 19th-century Heidelberg School - the first "distinctively Australian" movement in Western art - gave expression to nationalist sentiments in the lead-up to Federation. While the school remained influential into the 1900s, modernists such as Margaret Preston, and, later, Sidney Nolan, explored new artistic trends. The landscape remained central to the work of Aboriginal watercolourist Albert Namatjira, as well as Fred Williams, Brett Whiteley and other post-war artists whose works, eclectic in style yet uniquely Australian, moved between the figurative and the abstract.

Australian literature grew slowly in the decades following European settlement though Indigenous oral traditions, many of which have since been recorded in writing, are much older. In the 19th-century, Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson captured the experience of the bush using a distinctive Australian vocabulary. Their works are still popular. Paterson's bush poem "Waltzing Matilda" (1895) is regarded as Australia's unofficial national anthem. Miles Franklin is the namesake of Australia's most prestigious literary prize, awarded annually to the best novel about Australian life. Its first recipient, Patrick White, went on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1973. Australian Booker Prize winners include Peter Carey, Thomas Keneally and Richard Flanagan. Australian public intellectuals have also written seminal works in their respective fields, including feminist Germaine Greer and philosopher Peter Singer.

Many of Australia's performing arts companies receive funding through the federal government's Australia Council. There is a symphony orchestra in each state, and a national opera company, Opera Australia, well known for its famous soprano Joan Sutherland. At the beginning of the 20th century, Nellie Melba was one of the world's leading opera singers. Ballet and dance are represented by The Australian Ballet and various state companies. Each state has a publicly funded theatre company.

Australia Cuisine

Most Indigenous Australian groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. The first settlers introduced British and Irish cuisine to the continent. This influence is seen in the enduring popularity of several British dishes such as fish and chips, and in quintessential Australian dishes such as the Australian meat pie, which is related to the British steak pie. Post-war immigration transformed Australian cuisine. For instance, Southern European migrants helped to build a thriving Australian coffee culture which gave rise to Australian coffee drinks such as the flat white, while East Asian migration led to dishes such as the Cantonese-influenced dim sim and Chiko Roll, as well as a distinct Australian Chinese cuisine. Sausage sizzles, pavlovas, lamingtons, meat pies, Vegemite and Anzac biscuits are regarded as iconic Australian foods.

Australia is a leading exporter and consumer of wine. Australian wine is produced mainly in the southern, cooler parts of the country. The nation also ranks highly in beer consumption, with each state and territory hosting numerous breweries. Australia is also known for its cafe and coffee culture in urban centres.

Australia Religion

Australia has no state religion, Section 116 of the Australian Constitution prohibits the federal government from making any law to establish any religion, impose any religious observance, or prohibit the free exercise of any religion.

At the 2021 Census, 38.9% of the population identified as having "no religion", up from 15.5% in 2001. The largest religion is Christianity (43.9% of the population). The largest Christian denominations are the Roman Catholic Church (20% of the population) and the Anglican Church of Australia (9.8%). Multicultural immigration since the Second World War has led to the growth of non-Christian religions, the largest of which are Islam (3.2%), Hinduism (2.7%), Buddhism (2.4%), Sikhism (0.8%), and Judaism (0.4%).

In 2021, just under 8,000 people declared an affiliation with traditional Aboriginal religions. In Australian Aboriginal mythology and the animist framework developed in Aboriginal Australia, the Dreaming is a sacred era in which ancestral totemic spirit beings formed The Creation. The Dreaming established the laws and structures of society and the ceremonies performed to ensure continuity of life and land

Australia Sport and Australia Sports Recreation

Cricket and football are the predominant sports in Australia during the summer and winter months, respectively. Australia is unique in that it has professional leagues for four football codes. Originating in Melbourne in the 1850s, Australian rules football is the most popular code in all states except New South Wales and Queensland, where rugby league holds sway, followed by rugby union. Soccer, while ranked fourth in popularity and resources, has the highest overall participation rates. Cricket is popular across all borders and has been regarded by many Australians as the national sport. The Australian national cricket team competed against England in the first Test match (1877) and the first One Day International (1971), and against New Zealand in the first Twenty20 International (2004), winning all three games. It has also participated in every edition of the Cricket World Cup, winning the tournament a record five times.

Australia is one of five nations to have participated in every Summer Olympics of the modern era, and has hosted the Games twice: 1956 in Melbourne and 2000 in Sydney. It is also set to host the 2032 Games in Brisbane. Australia has also participated in every Commonwealth Games, hosting the event in 1938, 1962, 1982, 2006 and 2018. As well as being a regular FIFA World Cup participant, Australia has won the OFC Nations Cup four times and the AFC Asian Cup once - the only country to have won championships in two different FIFA confederations.

Other major international events held in Australia include the Australian Open tennis grand slam tournament and the Australian Formula One Grand Prix. The annual Melbourne Cup horse race and the Sydney to Hobart yacht race also attract intense interest. Australia is also notable for water-based sports, such as swimming and surfing. The surf lifesaving movement originated in Australia, and the volunteer lifesaver is one of the country's icons. Snow sports take place primarily in the Australian Alps and Tasmania.

Quick Guide to Australia Country Guides & Australia Tourism Attractions
Country Guides - Days Out - Tourism Attractions - Theme Parks - Family Days Out - Tourism Guides

Quick Guide to Australia Places to Visit & Australia Cultural Tourism
Theatres - Museums - Art Galleries - Cathederals - Synagogues - Mosques - Temples
Festivals - Concerts - Gigs - Sport Stadiums - Sport Events - Airports
Zoological Gardens - Aquariums - Racing Tracks - Racing Circuits - Athletics Tracks

Quick Guide to Australia Rail Guides & Australia Rail Tourism
Rail Tickets - Railway Maps - Railway Tourism Advice - Rail Passes - Rail Tours - Eurostar
Eurail - Interrail - Train Stations - Metro Stations - Underground Stations
Railway Modelling - Railway News

Train Tickets - Rail Tours - Luxury Rail Tours - Europe Rail Pass - Steam Trains - Rail Journeys
HS2 - Mountain Trains - Heritage Trains - Cog Trains - High Speed Rail - Escorted Rail Tours
Cable Cars - Funicular - Gondola Lifts - Tramways - Ski Lifts - Ski Pass

Railway Companies of the World - Heritage Railways - Steam Trains - Luxury Rail Journeys
Airport Shuttles - Night Trains - Sleeper Rail Cars - High Speed Trains - TGV - Eurostar
Cog Railways - Swiss Mountain Railways - Train Journeys - Express Trains

Quick Guide to World Train Companies
Amtrak - Orient Express - Rovos Rail - Rocky Mountaineer - Glacier Express
Jungfrau Express - Gotthard Panorama Express - Jungfrau Travel Pass - Express Trains
Eurostar - British Pullman - Bernina Express - Shongololo Express - Blue Train - Danube Express
Trans Siberian Express - GoldenPass Panoramic - Golden Eagle Train - Andean Explorer
Swiss Travel Pass - Jacobite - El Transcantabrico - Tren Al Andus - Hiram Bingham

Australia Business Centre - Australia Trade Exhibitions
Business Centre - Trade Exhibitions - Trade Shows - Trade Fairs - Trade Events
Trade Exhibition Staff - Trade Exhibition Stands - Trade Show Help

Quick Guide to World Travel & Australia Tourism

Hotels - Hostels - Flights - Car Rental - Flight + Hotel - River Cruises - Cruises

B&B - Holiday Homes - Apartment Rentals - Chalet Rental

Summer Holidays - Holiday Deals - Beach Holidays - Short Trips - Package Holidays

Summer Vacations - Vacation Deals - Beach Vacations - Weekend Breaks - Package Vacations

Winter Holidays - Winter Holiday Deals - Ski Holidays - Ski Lift Passes - Short Breaks

Winter Vacations - Winter Vacation Deals - Ski Vacations - Ski Pass - Weekend Trips

Victoria 2026 Commonwealth Games Victoria 2026 Commonwealth Games	NSW TrainLink Coach Network - Australia NSW TrainLink Coach Network	The MerredinLink - Australia The MerredinLink	Transwa SmartCommuter Card - Australia Transwa SmartCommuter Card


The XPT NSW - Australia The XPT NSW	Australia Rail Pass - Australia Rail Passes Australia Rail Passes	Queensland Coastal Pass - Queensland Coastal Passes - Australia Queensland Coastal Pass	Queensland Explorer Pass - Queensland Explorer Passes - Australia Queensland Explorer Pass


Discovery Pass - Discovery Passes - Australia Discovery Pass	Commonwealth Games 2018 - Gold Coast - Australia Welcome to the Commonwealth Games, Australia	Commonwealth Games - Wednesday, 4 April 2018 - Opening Ceremony Commonwealth Games, Wednesday, 4 April 2018 - Opening Ceremony	Commonwealth Games - Thursday, 5 April 2018 - Day 1 Commonwealth Games, Thursday, 5 April 2018 - Day 1


Commonwealth Games - Friday, 6 April 2018 - Day 2 Commonwealth Games, Friday, 6 April 2018 - Day 2	Commonwealth Games - Saturday, 7 April 2018 - Day 3 Commonwealth Games, Saturday, 7 April 2018 - Day 3	Commonwealth Games - Sunday, 8 April 2018 - Day 4 Commonwealth Games, Sunday, 8 April 2018 - Day 4	Commonwealth Games - Monday, 9 April 2018 - Day 5 Commonwealth Games, Monday, 9 April 2018 - Day 5


Commonwealth Games - Tuesday, 10 April 2018 - Day 6	Commonwealth Games - Wednesday, 11 April 2018 - Day 7	Commonwealth Games - Thursday, 12 April 2018 - Day 8 Commonwealth Games, Thursday, 12 April 2018 - Day 8	Commonwealth Games - Friday, 13 April 2018 - Day 9 Commonwealth Games, Friday, 13 April 2018 - Day 9


Commonwealth Games - Saturday, 14 April 2018 - Day 10 Commonwealth Games, Saturday, 14 April 2018 - Day 10	Commonwealth Games - Sunday, 15 April 2018 - Day 11 Commonwealth Games, Sunday, 15 April 2018 - Day 11	The Australind (Transwa) - Australia The Australind (Transwa)	The Australind - Australia The Australind


The AvonLink (Transwa) - Australia The AvonLink (Transwa) - Australia	The AvonLink - Australia The Avonlink	Central West Express (NSW TrainLink) - Australia Central West Express (NSW TrainLink)	Diesel Tilt Train (Queensland Rail) - Australia Diesel Tilt Train (Queensland Rail) - Australia


Electric Tilt Train (Queensland Rail) - Australia Electric Tilt Train (Queensland Rail)	The Tilt Train - Australia The Tilt Train	The Ghan (Great Southern Rail) - Australia The Ghan (Great Southern Rail)	The Ghan - Australia The Ghan


Grafton Express (NSW TrainLink) - Australia Grafton Express (NSW TrainLink)	The Gulflander (Queensland Rail) - Australia The Gulflander (Queensland Rail)	The Gulflander - Australia The Gulflander	Indian Pacific (Great Southern Rail) - Australia Indian Pacific (Great Southern Rail)


The Indian Pacific - Australia The Indian Pacific	The Inlander (Queensland Rail) - Australia The Inlander (Queensland Rail)	The Inlander - Australia The Inlander	Kuranda Scenic Railway (KSR Queensland) - Australia Kuranda Scenic Railway (Cairns Kuranda Steam)


The Kuranda Scenic Railway - Australia The Kuranda Scenic Railway	Kuranda Scenic Railway - Australia Kuranda Scenic Railway	Northern Tablelands Express (NSW TrainLink) - Australia Northern Tablelands Express (NSW TrainLink)	Outback Xplorer (NSW TrainLink) - Australia Outback Xplorer (NSW TrainLink)


The XPLORER (NSW) - Australia The XPLORER (NSW)	The Overland (Great Southern Rail) - Australia The Overland (Great Southern Rail)	The Overland - Australia The Overland	The Prospector (Transwa) - Australia The Prospector (Transwa)


The Prospector - Australia The Prospector	Savannahlander (Cairns Kuranda Steam) - Australia The Savannahlander (Cairns Kuranda Steam)	The Savannahlander - Australia The Savannahlander	The Spirit of Queensland (Queensland Rail) - Australia The Spirit of Queensland (Queensland Rail)


Spirit of the Outback (Queensland Rail) - Australia Spirit of the Outback (Queensland Rail)	The Spirit of the Outback - Australia The Spirit of the Outback	The Westlander (Queensland Rail) - Australia The Westlander (Queensland Rail)	The Westlander - Australia The Westlander


High-Speed Rail in Australia High-Speed Rail in Australia	Rail Transport in Queensland - Australia Rail Transport in Queensland	Great Southern Rail (Australia) Great Southern Rail (Australia)	Queensland Rail (Queensland) Queensland Rail (Queensland)


TransLink (South East Queensland) TransLink (South East Queensland)	Transwa (Western Australia) Transwa (Western Australia)	Cairns Kuranda Steam (Queensland) Cairns Kuranda Steam (Queensland)	New South Wales Government Railways (New South Wales) New South Wales Government Railways (New South Wales)


NSW TrainLink - Australia NSW TrainLink (Australia)	Skyrail Rainforest Cableway - Australia Skyrail Rainforest Cableway	Albany Progress (Retired) - Australia Albany Progress (Retired)	The Alice (Retired) - Australia The Alice (Retired)


Brisbane Express (Retired) Brisbane Express (Retired)	Brisbane Limited (Retired) Brisbane Limited (Retired)	Bunbury Belle (Retired) Bunbury Belle (Retired)	Canberra Express (Retired) Canberra Express (Retired)


Canberra Monaro Express (Retired) Canberra Monaro Express (Retired)	The Capricornian (Retired) The Capricornian (Retired)	Caves Express (Retired) Caves Express (Retired)	The Chips (Retired) The Chips (Retired)


Cooma Mail (Retired) Cooma Mail (Retired)	Far West Express (Retired) Far West Express (Retired)	Federal City Express (Retired) Federal City Express (Retired)	The Fish (Retired) The Fish (Retired)


The Gippslander (Retired) The Gippslander (Retired)	Gold Coast Motorail (Retired) Gold Coast Motorail (Retired)	InterCity Express (Retired) InterCity Express (Retired)	The Inter-Capital Daylight (Retired) The Inter-Capital Daylight (Retired)


The Kalgoorlie (Retired) The Kalgoorlie (Retired)	The Melbourne Express (Retired) The Melbourne Express (Retired)	The Midlander (Retired) The Midlander (Retired)	The Midlander (Retired - Now a Coach Service) The Midlander (Retired - Now a Coach Service)


The Mullewa (Retired) The Mullewa (Retired)	Newcastle Flyer (Retired) Newcastle Flyer (Retired)	North Coast Daylight Express (Retired) North Coast Daylight Express (Retired)	North Coast Mail (Retired) North Coast Mail (Retired)


The Northern Mail (Retired) The Northern Mail (Retired)	Riverina Express (Retired) Riverina Express (Retired)	The Shopper (Retired) The Shopper (Retired)	Silver City Comet (Retired) Silver City Comet (Retired)


South Coast Daylight Express (Retired) South Coast Daylight Express (Retired)	Southern Aurora (Retired) Southern Aurora (Retired)	Southern Highlands Express (Retired) Southern Highlands Express (Retired)	South Mail (Retired) South Mail (Retired)


Spirit of Capricorn (Retired) Spirit of Capricorn (Retired)	Spirit of Progress (Retired) Spirit of Progress (Retired)	Spirit of the Tropics (Retired) Spirit of the Tropics (Retired)	The Sunlander (Retired) The Sunlander (Retired)


The Sydney Express (Retired) The Sydney Express (Retired)	Tasman Limited (Retired) Tasman Limited (Retired)	Trans-Australian (Retired) Trans-Australian (Retired)	The Vinelander (Retired) The Vinelander (Retired)


The Westland (Retired) The Westland (Retired)	Western Mail (Retired) Western Mail (Retired)	XPT (NSW TrainLink) XPT (NSW TrainLink)	Tea and Sugar Train (Retired) Tea and Sugar Train (Retired)


Genesee & Wyoming Australia (GWA Freight) Genesee & Wyoming Australia (GWA Freight)	Adelaide–Darwin Railway (The Ghan Rail Route) Adelaide–Darwin Railway (The Ghan Rail Route)	North Australia Railway (Retired Australia Rail Route) North Australia Railway (Retired Australia Rail Route)	Central Australia Railway (Retired - The Old Ghan) Central Australia Railway (Retired - The Old Ghan)


Railway Networks in Adelaide Railway Networks in Adelaide	List of Heritage Railways in Australia List of Heritage Railways in Australia	Adelaide Metro (South Australia) Adelaide Metro (South Australia)	Metro Trains Melbourne (MTR Corporation) Metro Trains Melbourne (MTR Corporation)


Queensland Rail Citytrain network (Queensland Rail) Queensland Rail Citytrain network (Queensland Rail)	The Pichi Richi Railway The Pichi Richi Railway	Railways in Sydney Railways in Sydney	Commuter Rail in Australia Commuter Rail in Australia


V/Line (V/Line Corporation) V/Line (V/Line Corporation)	Victorian Railways (Victoria - Retired) Victorian Railways (Victoria - Retired)	New South Wales Xplorer (Train) New South Wales Xplorer	Transperth Trains (Perth) Transperth Trains (Perth)


Sydney Trains (New South Wales) Sydney Trains (New South Wales)	Trans-Australian Railway (Indian Pacific Rail Route) Trans-Australian Railway (Indian Pacific Rail Route, South Australia)	Transcontinental Railroads Australia Transcontinental Railroads Australia	V/Line (V/Line Corporation) V/Line (V/Line Corporation)

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